Resveratrol reduces platelet storage lesion by preventing free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulation in platelet concentrates during storage.

Abstract

Platelet activation and mitochondrial damage are among the crucial events leading to the quality reduction of platelet concentrates (PCs) during preparation and storage, called platelet storage lesion. Platelet activation results in the clearance of transfused platelets. Oxidative stress and platelet activation trigger mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release into the extracellular milieu which is associated with adverse transfusion reactions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol, an antioxidant polyphenol, on platelet activation markers and mtDNA release. Ten PCs were divided equally into two bags each, one of them was allocated to the control group (n = 10) and another to the case group (resveratrol-treated, n = 10). Free mtDNA level and CD62P (P-selectin) expression level were measured by absolute quantification Real-Time PCR, and flow cytometry on days 0 (the receiving day), 3, 5, and 7 of storage respectively. Moreover, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activity, pH, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were assessed as well. Treatment of PCs with resveratrol can significantly decrease mtDNA release during storage compared to the control. In addition, platelet activation was significantly mitigated. We also observed significantly lower MPV, PDW, and LDH activity in resveratrol-treated PCs compared to the control group on days 3, 5, and 7. Furthermore, resveratrol maintained the pH of PCs on day 7.Resveratrol diminished free mtDNA and maintained biochemical parameters in PCs, possibly by reducing platelet activation. Therefore, resveratrol might be a possible additive solution for improving the quality of stored PCs.