Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease featured by progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons (DA) accompanied with motor function impairment. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that natural compounds from herbs have potent anti-PD efficacy in PD models. Among those compounds, resveratrol, a polyphenol found in many common plants and fruits, is more effective against PD. Resveratrol has displayed a potent neuroprotective efficacy in several PD animal models. However, there is still no systematic analysis of the quality of methodological design of these studies, nor of their results. In this review, we retrieved and analyzed 18 studies describing the therapeutic effect of resveratrol on PD animal models. There are 5 main kinds of PD rodent models involved in the 18 articles, including chemical-induced (MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA, paraquat, and maneb) and transgenic PD models. The neuroprotective mechanisms of resveratrol were mainly concentrated on the antioxidation, anti-inflammation, ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction, and motor function. We discussed the disadvantages of different PD animal models, and we used meta-analysis approach to evaluate the results of the selected studies and used SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool to evaluate the methodological quality. Our analytical approach minimized the bias of different studies. We have also summarized the pharmacological mechanisms of resveratrol on PD models as reported by the researchers. The results of this study support the notion that resveratrol has significant neuroprotective effects on different PD models quantified using qualitative and quantitative methods. The collective information in our review can guide researchers to further plan their future experiments without any hassle regarding preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, this collective assessment of animal studies can provide a qualitative analysis of different PD animal models, either to guide further testing of these models or to avoid unnecessary duplication in their future research.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease with defective motor function
Lewy bodies (LB) consist of misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein which is involved in synaptic transportation (Wang et al, 2017). α-synuclein mainly aggregates in neurons, and current research has shown that its toxic conformations are protofibrils and oligomers (Lashuel et al, 2013)
Through reading the remaining 20 articles, we found 1 study was based on a uncommon transgenic PD model and resveratrol was combined with another chemical in the treatment, and 1 study mainly focused on the nanoparticles of resveratrol; the data were incomplete, so we excluded the 2 studies
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease with defective motor function. 2–3% of people aged over 65 suffer from PD. People with PD may have trouble in walking, talking, or doing simple tasks (Poewe et al, 2017). Disabilities of the motor system, including stiffness, bradykinesia, tremor, and unstable posture are the main syndromes of PD (Dickson, 2018; Homayoun, 2018). The major neuropathological marks of PD are neuronal loss and the accumulation of Lewy bodies (LBs). LBs consist of misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein which is involved in synaptic transportation (Wang et al, 2017). Α-synuclein mainly aggregates in neurons, and current research has shown that its toxic conformations are protofibrils and oligomers (Lashuel et al, 2013). Mitochondrial deficits and neuroinflammation appear to be related to the pathogenesis of PD (Greenamyre et al, 1999; Hirsch and Hunot, 2009)
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