Abstract
NeocardiochilesSzépligeti, 1908, is a rare Neotropical genus of the subfamily Cardiochilinae Ashmead, 1900. The genus was previously synonymized withHeteropteronBrullé, 1846 by Dangerfield et al. (1999). In this study, we examined multiple specimens ofHeteropteron-related genera:Heteropteron,Neocardiochiles, andWesmaelellaSpinola, 1851, and resurrectNeocardiochilesas a valid genus based on morphological data. As a result, five new species,N. alexeyiKang,sp. nov.from Ecuador,N. frankiKang,sp. nov.from Costa Rica,N. braetiKang,sp. nov.,N. chriscarltoniKang,sp. nov., andN. victoriaeKang,sp. nov., from French Guiana are included as members ofNeocardiochilesand described based on morphological and molecular data. Additionally, four species previously included inHeteropteronare transferred toNeocardiochiles:Neocardiochiles fasciipennisSzépligeti, 1908,comb. nov.,Neocardiochiles hasegawai(Dabek & Whitfield, 2020)comb. nov.,Neocardiochiles kidonoi(Dabek & Whitfield, 2020),comb. nov., andNeocardiochiles whitfieldi(Mercado, 2003),comb. nov.. Diagnosis of each taxon and both traditional and interactive identification keys toNeocardiochilesspecies are included. Molecular data ofN. alexeyisp. nov.,N. chriscarltonisp. nov.,N. victoriaesp. nov., andN. hasegawaii(Dabek & Whitfield, 2020), are also provided.
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