Abstract
The study aims to address the important environmental problem of reducing the harmful emissions of the exhaust gases produced by preheater-equipped diesel engines when operated in winter. It analyzes the cleaning of prestart-heater exhaust gases in the catalytic converter during the heating of catalyst bricks as the KamAZ-740 diesel engine is being prepared to start. Redirecting the preheater exhaust gases to the catalytic converter cleans them from the products of incomplete combustion and nitrogen oxides while using their heat for the preheating of catalyst bricks. The paper presents the results of studying the composition of exhaust gases produced by the PZhD-30 preheaters used in KamAZ-740 diesel engines. The composition of exhaust gases is found to be the function of the air-excess factor, while the efficiency of preheater exhaust-gas cleaning is determined as a function of the catalyst-brick temperature. It is found out that increasing the air-excess factor from αпп = 1.20 to αпп = 1.60 increases the nitrogen-oxide emissions in exhaust gases 1.64 times while reducing the emissions of incomplete-combustion products: 1.39 times less hydrocarbon emissions, 1.50 times less carbon monoxide emissions, and 1.60 times less particulate-matter emissions. The results of studying the quality of cleaning the preheater exhaust gases in catalyst bricks produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) show that heating them reduces nitrogen-oxide emissions at 713 K, hydrocarbon emissions at 593 K, and carbon monoxide emissions at 713 K.
Published Version
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