Results of seeder pneumatic system distributor and aero-product stream flow in the pipeline numerical studies

Abstract

Seed drills with a seed metering device and a pneumatic system of flow stream and distribution of grain seeds to the coulters of the seeder with pneumatic sowing have become widespread in the sphere of agriculture. The aim of this study was to establish the functional dependence of the aero-product stream flow nature in the pipeline and in the grain seeder distributor. The research method involved numerical studies of the developed 3D model of the seeder pneumatic system. The influence of the geometric features of the internal cavity of the distributor top of the seeder pneumatic system, the flow rate in the pipeline in the range from 15 to 25 m/s, the concentration of seeds in the flow stream from 0.52 to 1.57 kg/kg air were taken into account. The values of static, dynamic and total pressure, pressure losses by sections, rates of flow streams in the areas, areas of intense mechanical impact (surface wear) were studied. The regression equations of these indicators have been obtained the factors studied being taken into consideration. The greatest pressure losses have been observed in the distributortops with a cap having the shape of a concave hemisphere. The flat surface of the cap makes it possible to achieve intermediate pressure losses in the distributor top. The smallest pressure loss is observed in the distributor top with a convex cone-shaped cap.