Results of evaluation of young pigs of the large white breed for fattening and meat qualities using some mathematical models of evaluation indices

Abstract

This work aimed to investigate the fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of the large white breed using some mathematical models of evaluation indices. The experimental part of the work was carried out at the “Druzhba-Kaznacheivka” gas station of the Dnipropetrovsk region, the “Jazz” meat processing plant, as well as the animal husbandry laboratory of the State Institute of Grain Crops of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. Evaluation of young pigs for fattening and meat qualities was carried out taking into account the following quantitative characteristics: average daily gain of live weight during the period of control fattening, g; age of reaching 100 kg live weight, days; fat thickness at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae, mm; length of the cooled carcass cm; the size of the bacon half of the chilled half-carcass, see The comprehensive evaluation of young pigs for fattening and meat qualities was carried out according to the Tyler and СІ4. Biometric processing of research results was carried out according to generally accepted methods. It was established that the difference between animals of different intrabreed differentiation according to B. Tyler's index is reliable and is: according to the average daily gain of live weight 64.2 g (td = 9.19), the age of reaching 100 kg live weight is 5.9 days (td = 4.04), the thickness of lard at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae is 2.60 mm (td = 5.30), the length of the chilled carcass is 1.9 cm (td = 3.39), the size of the bacon half of the chilled half carcass is 2.5 cm (td = 2.80). According to the largest (front) width of the bacon half of the chilled half carcass and the smallest (back) width of the bacon half of the chilled half carcass, the difference between the animals of the experimental groups is 2.6 cm (td = 3.29) and 1.5 cm (td = 2.20), respectively. Intrabreed differentiation according to the selection index “СІ4” indicates the existence of a reliable difference between the groups in terms of average daily gain of live weight (60.0 g; td = 7.45), age of reaching 100 kg live weight (6.2 days; td = 4.30) and fat thickness at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae (2.9 mm; td = 6.44). The pairwise correlation coefficient between Tyler B.'s index, selection index “CI4”, fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of the large white breed varies from -0.914 to +0.902. The number of reliable correlations between B. Tyler's index, selection index “СІ4”, fattening, and meat qualities of young pigs of the experimental group is 100%. The criterion for selecting highly productive sows and boars based on the fattening and meat qualities of their offspring is the conformity of the animals of the specified production groups in terms of development and productivity to the elite class; the value of B. Tyler's index ranges from 201.16 to 232.84, the selection index “СІ4” – 47.35 to 75.21 points.