Abstract
The ATLAS Pixel Detector is one of the largest silicon pixel hybrid detectors in the world. It has a total active area of 1.7 m 2 of silicon read out every 25 ns by approximately 80 million electronic channels. It is the innermost tracking detector of the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, designed to measure particle tracks and decay vertices with a very high precision and efficiency. Since August 2008, after more than 10 years of development and construction, the whole detector has been operated together. After tuning, calibration and timing-in the detector has demonstrated excellent noise occupancy of 10 −10 and a tracking hit efficiency greater than 99.7%. The paper will describe the detector performance and discuss the studies performed with cosmic ray data, such as alignment and the Lorentz angle measurement.
Highlights
The ATLAS Pixel Detector [1, 2] has been designed to detect particle tracks and decay vertices near the collision point
The back side of the sensor is glued to the flexible printed circuit board with high density interconnections. This board is wire-bonded to the FE chips and houses an NTC thermistor for temperature measurement and a Module Controller Chip (MCC)
It peaks within 5% to the expected value of 20 ke− and the shape of the curve is in good agreement with expectation from Monte Carlo (MC) simulation
Summary
The ATLAS Pixel Detector [1, 2] has been designed to detect particle tracks and decay vertices near the collision point. The resolution of the detector is expected to be 10 μm in the Rφ plane (perpendicular to the beam axis) and 110 μm in z direction (parallel to the beam axis). This requires high granularity combined with low mass of the detector material. The detector has been designed and constructed to tolerate the expected radiation dose of 500 kGy over 10 years lifetime, while providing a hit detection efficiency greater than 97% over that period and beyond. Combined ATLAS data-taking periods with cosmic ray triggers have been extensively used as an excellent opportunity to study the detectors characteristics, to accumulate running experience and to perform the first system debugging studies.
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