Responses of Water and Pigments Status, Dry Matter Partitioning, Seed Production, and Traits of Yield and Quality to Foliar Application of GA3 in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)

M. Kaium Chowdhury,Celaleddin Barutçular,Muhammad Ali Raza,Ayman El Sabagh,Mohammad A. Hakim,Nowrin Akhter Renu,Md. K. Hasan,Fatih Çig,Hirofumi Saneoka,Mohammad Sohidul Islam,Murat Erman,Mohammad Rafiqul Islam,Shah Fahad,Bushra Islam,Akihiro Ueda

doi:10.3389/fagro.2020.596850

Abstract

This study evaluated the role of gibberellic acid [GA3; (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm)] in modulation of the growth, physiology, yield, and quality traits in two varieties (BARI Mung-6 and BARI Mung-8) of mungbean (Vigna radiataL.). Irrespective of the two varieties (BARI Mung-6 and BARI Mung-8), 100, 200, and 300 ppm of GA3differentially modulated the tested parameters (relative water content, RWC; photosynthetic pigments: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids; growth parameters: fresh and dry weights of leaves, petioles, stems, and roots; yield contributing traits such as plant height, number of pods plant−1, number of grains pod−1, pod length, and 100-grain weight; quality traits such as grain nitrogen and protein). However, compared to the lowest GA3(100 ppm) and the highest GA3(300 ppm), the moderate concentration of GA3(200 ppm) led to highest values of leaf-RWC, where this parameter exhibited 16.1 and 13.4% increase in BARI Mung-8 and BARI Mung-6, respectively. Similarly, the tested herein growth parameters and the yield traits significantly increased up to the foliar application of the moderate GA3concentration (200 ppm), and thereafter these traits decreased with 300 ppm GA3. The 200 ppm-led changes in the growth and yield traits were significantly higher in BARI Mung-8 when compared to BARI Mung-6. Considering the quality traits, GA3positively influenced the nitrogen and protein content in grains, where 200 ppm of GA3led to increases of 25.2% in N, and 17.7% in protein over control in BARI Mung-6; whereas, BARI Mung-8 exhibited 28.3% in N, and 18.3% in protein with 200 ppm GA3over control. Overall, BARI Mung-8 significantly responded to the foliar supply of 200 ppm GA3when compared to BARI Mung-6. Hence, in order to high yield and grain protein content, the application of 200 ppm GA3may be applied inV. radiatabefore and during flowering. The major mechanisms underlying the responses of the water relation, growth, and yield traits to the GA3concentrations need to be explored.

Highlights

Pulses are rich in protein, and contain more than three times higher quality protein than cereals
Data are presented as mean ± SE (n = 3)
Data followed by same letter are not significantly different by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test at p < 0.05, CV, Co-efficient of variation

Summary

Introduction

Pulses are rich in protein, and contain more than three times higher quality protein than cereals. The grains of mungbean contain 25.67% protein, 1–3% fat, 5.4% carbohydrates, 3.5–4.5% fibers, and 4.5–5.5% ash with very low amount of flatulence effects (Frauque et al, 2000; Ahmad et al, 2008), and rich in folate and iron (Noble et al, 2018). It is an antique crop in Bangladesh with dietary and nutritional value (Islam et al, 2017c). Various management practices may help to achieve the desired yield potential of mungbean, and plant growth regulators (PGRs) application in different techniques seem to be the most significant one in view of cost and labor efficacy

Methods

Results

Conclusion