Responses of Uric Acid, Glucose, Thyroid Hormones and Liver Enzymes to Aerobic and Combined Exercises in University Students

Taner Akbulut

doi:10.5539/hes.v10n1p109

Abstract

Physiological effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercises are frequently investigated. However, it is considered that combined exercises may be more effective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic and combined exercise program on some biochemical parameters. The study group consisted of 45 male volunteers with sedentary life. The participants were divided into three groups as control (n: 15), aerobic exercise (n: 15) and combined exercise (n: 15). The control group did not perform any exercise. Aerobic and combined exercise groups participated in the exercise program 4 days a week for 10 weeks. Blood samples were taken from the participants twice. TSH, T3, T4, AST, ALT, Uric acid and glucose levels were determined in blood samples. SPSS software was used for the analysis of the data and the significance level was accepted as p &lt;0.05. As a result of analysis; no difference was observed in the control group (p&gt; 0.05). In the aerobic exercise group, T3, AST, Uric acid levels of post test were found to be different according to baseline, while in the combined exercise group, there were significant differences in T3, AST, Uric acid and glucose levels between pre and post test values (p &lt;0.05). As a result, it was determined that both aerobic and combined exercises had effects on biochemical parameters (thyroid hormones, liver enzymes, Uric acid and glucose). According to this study it can be said that combined exercises may be more effective than aerobic exercises.

Highlights

The benefits of exercise, which have many effects on human life, can be expressed as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, leading to improvements in blood pressure and blood lipids, and weight control (Carpenter & Gilleland, 2016)
It was concluded that aerobic and combined exercises led to improvements in liver enzyme levels; The decrease in ALT level was not statistically significant but the decrease in AST level was found to be statistically significant in both groups
In a study conducted on this subject, it was determined that the aerobic exercise program applied in 60-75% intensity for 5 weeks in elderly men did not cause a change in both AST and ALT levels (Sun et al, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

The benefits of exercise, which have many effects on human life, can be expressed as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, leading to improvements in blood pressure and blood lipids, and weight control (Carpenter & Gilleland, 2016). Aerobic exercise has positive improvements in health-related factors such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Combined exercises are reported to be effective in the development of all functional fitness components related to daily living activity (Sousa, Mendes, Abrantes, Sampaio, & Oliveira, 2014). The high level of uric acid, which is closely related to health, is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, dyslycemia, endothelial dysfunction, vascular, renal and cardiac stiffness, cardiac diastolic dysfunction, renal hyperfiltration, proteinuria, and all components of Cardiorenal metabolic syndrome (Chaudhary, Malhotra, Sowers, & Aroor, 2013). Many functions, including growth, development and metabolism, are directly or indirectly controlled by thyroid hormones in humans. It is known that exercises have significant effects on thyroid hormones, which have important effects on metabolism (Cinar, Akbulut, & Sarikaya, 2017). When BMI increases, known as body mass index, ALT increases and ALT is http://hes.ccsenet.org

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Conclusion