Abstract
Copper–zinc alloy coatings were deposited on mild steel substrates using sodium citrate electrolytes at room temperature and under direct current. For the bath composition studied, factorial design was used to verify the influence of deposition parameters, such as current density and mechanical stirring, on the cathodic efficiency, the contents of copper and zinc, and the amount of hydrogen evolution. Moreover, the four responses were simultaneously studied by using an optimization methodology. The results suggest that the optimum point for reaching good quality copper–zinc alloy deposits from the proposed citrate electrolytes are 29 A m−2 and 247 rpm for bath 3 and 13 A m−2 and 67 rpm for bath 4. Applying these conditions, a yellow-reddish coating was obtained from bath 3, while a bright red deposit was produced from bath 4.
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