Response of Barley Cultivars to Weed Control with Herbicides and Datura Leaf Extract and Its Reflection on Growth Indicators

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out to find out the effect of selected chemical herbicides (Crash+ U46-Combifiluid) and Datura leaf extract (4 leaf age) on companion weeds of two barley cultivars (IPA99 and IPA 265), coupled with certain growth indicators of these two cultivars. The results showed the superiority of the two treatments of spraying weed herbicides (T1) and Datura leaf extract (T2), as they recorded the lowest weed dry weight amounted to 4.75 and 17.18 grams/meters-2. Along with, the highest inhibition ratio in dry weight was 96.14% and 86.09%, the highest number of tillers was 522.00 and 428.00 tiller. meters -2, the highest plant height of 104.34 and 98.28 cm, the highest flag leaf area was 13.28 and 10.34 cm2. Besides, the highest dry weight of 1343.80 and 1207.50 grams/meters-2 for the two treatments respectively, compared with the control treatment (Weedy) T3, which recorded the highest weed dry weight of 122.16 grams/meters-2. In the same role, the lowest inhibition ratio of 0.00%, and the lowest number of tillers was 322.50 tillers. meters-2, the lowest plant height, the lowest flag leaf area, and the lowest dry weight were 86.98 cm and 7.35 cm2, and 906.90 grams/meters-2, respectively. Furthermore, the IPA 99 cultivar was significantly superior by giving the lowest weed dry weight of 42.90 grams/meters-2, the highest inhibition ratio of 64.24%, the highest plant height of 103.25 cm, and the highest dry weight of 1175.80 grams/meters-2. In comparison, the above cultivar exceeded the IPA 265 cultivar, which recorded the highest dry weight of weed of 53.16 grams/meters-2 and lowest averages for plant height and plant dry weight of 89.93 cm and 1129.80 cm2 respectively. The two cultivars did not differ significantly in the number of tillers. meters-2 and leaf area cm2. It was observed that the cultivars could reduce the weed’s dry weights and thus inhibit its growth, meaning that it had the ability to compete with the companion weeds. The two treatments T1 and T2 were superior with IPA 99 & IPA 265 by giving the best combination in reducing the weed dry weight by 88 and 5.61 grams/meters-2, the inhibition ratio was 96.79% and 95.50%, the number of tillers was 531.70 and 512.30 tiller. meters-2. In addition to the dry weight of the crop plants was 1360.00 and 1327.70 grams/meters-2 for the two treatments and the two cultivars respectively, compared with the treatment T3, which recorded with IPA 99 and IPA 265 the highest dry weight of weed of 119.95 and 124.36 grams/meters-2. On the other hand, the lowest inhibition ratio of 0.00% for both cultivars, the number of tillers was 281.70 and 363.30 tiller. meters-2, and the dry weight of the crop plants were 910.50 and 903.40 grams/meters-2 for the two cultivars respectively.