Impact of Some Herbicides on Growth Indicators of Some Wheat Cultivars and Weight of Companion Weeds

Abstract

An experiment was implemented in the experimental field of the Department of Field Crops, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Jadriya during the year 2020-2021. The study aimed to investigate the effect of some herbicides (Crash + U46-Combifiluid) combination and Axial, Weed Free and Weedy, on the companion weeds and growth indicators for three cultivars of wheat (Shame6, Samur, and GRAIME). The experiment was conducted according to a RCBD (in a split-plot arrangement with three replicates), while the cultivars represent the main treatments and herbicide treatments. The results showed the superiority of cultivar GRAIME in the trait of the number of tiller. meters 2 and the flag leaf area (centimeter2), as it recorded averages of 469.90 meters2 and 22.61 centimeter2 respectively. The cultivars did not differ significantly between them in terms of the dry weight of plants. In comparison, the cultivar Samur recorded the highest plant height of 135.12 centimeter and the lowest weed dry weight was 40.44 gram. meters-2, recording the highest inhibition ratio in the weed dry weight amounted to 62.60%. The combination treatment (Crash + U46-Combifiluid) for all traits was superior to the weedy treatment, which recorded the lowest averages, as it recorded 459.9 tiller.meters2, 124.89 centimeter, 22.70 centimeter 2, and 1344 gram. meters -2 for the number of tillers, plant height, flag leaf area, and the dry weight of wheat plants, respectively. Besides, the lowest average weed dry weight was 6.55 gram. meters -2 and the highest inhibition ratio in the weed dry weight was 93.97%, it was close to the results of the weed-free treatment. The treatment of cultivar GRAIME with (Crash + U46-Combifiluid) combination achieved the highest mean for the number of tillers, flag leaf area, and dry weight of wheat plants reaching 515.70 tiller. meters 2 and 25.20 centimeter 2 and 1371.20 gram. meters-2 respectively, In comparison, the lowest weed dry weight was achieved in the treatment of cultivar Samur and Shame6 with the combination of (Crash + U46-Combifiluid) reached 0.00 and 5.80 gram. meters-2 respectively and recorded the highest inhibition ratio of weed dry weight reached 100% and 94.44% respectively.