Resonant Pulsing Frequency Effect for Much Smaller Bubble Formation with Fluidic Oscillation

Pratik Desai,Yassir Riaz,Michael Hines,William Zimmerman

doi:10.3390/en11102680

Abstract

Microbubbles have several applications in gas-liquid contacting operations. Conventional production of microbubbles is energetically unfavourable since surface energy required to generate the bubbles is inversely proportional to the size of the bubble generated. Fluidic oscillators have demonstrated a size decrease for a system with high throughput and low energetics but the achievable bubble size is limited due to coalescence. The hypothesis of this paper is that this limitation can be overcome by modifying bubble formation dynamics mediated by oscillatory flow. Frequency and amplitude are two easily controlled factors in oscillatory flow. The bubble can be formed at the displacement phase of the frequency cycle if the amplitude is sufficient to detach the bubble. If the frequency is too low, the conventional steady flow detachment mechanism occurs instead; if the frequency is too high, the bubbles coalesce. Our hypothesis proposes the existence of a resonant mode or ‘sweet-spot’ condition, via frequency modulation and increase in amplitude, to reduce coalescence and produce smallest bubble size with no additional energy input. This condition is identified for an exemplar system showing relative size changes, and a bubble size reduction from 650 µm for steady flow, to 120 µm for oscillatory-flow, and 60 µm for resonant condition (volume average) and 250 µm for steady-flow, 15 µm for oscillatory-flow, 7 µm for the resonant condition. A 10-fold reduction in bubble size with minimal increase in associated energetics results in a substantial reduction in energy requirements for all processes involving gas-liquid operations. The reduction in the energetic footprint of this method has widespread ramifications in all gas-liquid contacting operations including but not limited to wastewater aeration, desalination, flotation separation operations, and other operations.

Highlights

Gas-liquid contacting operations are arguably among the most important processing operations.The oil we produce, the air, the food, the drinks, chemical dyeing processes, mixing operations, wastewater aeration (WWA). and remediation, and several operations require good gas-liquid contacting [1,2,3,4]
The purpose of this paper is to explore how microbubble size depends on the fluid dynamics of fluidic oscillator induced microbubble generation
Bubbles were sized at 22 frequencies, for three feedback conditions and two higher flowrates

Summary

Introduction

Gas-liquid contacting operations are arguably among the most important processing operations.The oil we produce, the air, the food, the drinks (fizzy drinks, beer, and fermented beverages), chemical dyeing processes, mixing operations, wastewater aeration (WWA). and remediation, and several operations require good gas-liquid contacting [1,2,3,4]. Gas-liquid contacting operations are arguably among the most important processing operations. The oil we produce, the air, the food, the drinks (fizzy drinks, beer, and fermented beverages), chemical dyeing processes, mixing operations, wastewater aeration (WWA). Remediation, and several operations require good gas-liquid contacting [1,2,3,4]. One way to achieve such contacting is by increasing the surface area of the system corresponding to its volume. Two examples where the bubble size in terms of number and volume contribution matters are dissolved/dispersed air flotation (DAF) and wastewater aeration (WWA). Both these operations are important, mandatory for any wastewater remediation, and highly energy intensive.

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Results