Abstract

This study investigates the optical solitons of of (3+1)-dimensional resonant nonlinear Schrödinger (3D-RNLS) equation with the two laws of nonlinearity. The two forms of nonlinearity are represented by Kerr law and parabolic law. Based on complex transformation, the traveling wave reduction of the governing model is derived. The projective Riccati equations technique is applied to obtain the exact solutions of 3D-RNLS equation. Various types of waves that represent different structures of optical solitons are extracted. These structures include bright, dark, singular, dark-singular and combined singular solitons. Additionally, the obliquity effect on resonant solitons is illustrated graphically and is found to cause dramatic variations in soliton behaviors.

Highlights

  • IntroductionSoliton is one of the important nonlinear waves that has been under intensive investigation in the physical and natural sciences

  • This work scoped the behavior of optical solitons of 3D-RNLS equation

  • The resonant solitons are derived with the aid of projective Riccati equations method

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Summary

Introduction

Soliton is one of the important nonlinear waves that has been under intensive investigation in the physical and natural sciences. It has been noticed that solitons play a significant role on describing the physical phenomena in various branches of science, such as optical fibers, plasma physics, nonlinear optics, and many other fields [1–5]. Solitons in the field of nonlinear optics are known as optical solitons and have the capacity to transport information through optical fibers over transcontinental and transoceanic distances in a matter of a few femtoseconds [6, 7]. Understanding the dynamics of solitons can be performed through focusing deeply on one model of the nonlinear Schrödinger family of equations with higher order nonlinear terms [12, 13]. Various studies in literatures scrutinized the resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation which is mainly the governing model that describes soliton propagation and

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