Abstract
We previously observed beneficial effects of native banana starch (NBS) with a high resistant starch (RS) content on glycemic response in lean and obese participants. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of NBS and high-amylose maize starch (HMS) on glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) when treatments were matched for digestible starch content. In a randomized, crossover study, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed in 17 participants (aged 28–65 years, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, both genders) consuming HMS, NBS, or digestible maize starch (DMS) for 4 days. HMS and NBS induced an increase in 24 h mean blood glucose during days 2 to 4 (p < 0.05). CONGA, GRADE, and J-index values were higher in HMS compared with DMS only at day 4 (p < 0.05). Yet, NBS intake provoked a reduction in fasting glycemia changes from baseline compared with DMS (p = 0.0074). In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, RS from two sources did not improve GC or GV. Future longer studies are needed to determine whether these findings were affected by a different baseline microbiota or other environmental factors.
Highlights
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rising worldwide, and Mexico is classified among the top 10 countries for number of adults (20–79 years) with 15.2% prevalence and38.6% undiagnosed cases [1]
Most studies discussing the benefits of RS type 2 (RS2) have been performed using a commercial ingredient high-amylose maize starch (Hi-Maize® ), which is isolated from a special hybrid of corn that is naturally high in amylose content [9]
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of Resistant starch (RS) from two sources on glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with T2D when all treatments were matched by digestible starch content
Summary
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rising worldwide, and Mexico is classified among the top 10 countries for number of adults (20–79 years) with 15.2% prevalence and38.6% undiagnosed cases [1]. Among the strategies to achieve this goal is the adoption of healthy behaviors such as dietary changes and regular physical activity In this line, the quality of carbohydrates in the diet has been considered an important factor for modulating the rate of glucose absorption and modifying the postprandial glycemic response [4,5]. The quality of carbohydrates in the diet has been considered an important factor for modulating the rate of glucose absorption and modifying the postprandial glycemic response [4,5] Available carbohydrates are those that are digested and absorbed and are considered glucogenic in humans. In most plant-based foods, the major contributor to available carbohydrates is digestible starch (DS). Few studies have investigated the effects of other RS2 obtained from other sources such as barley, brown rice, beans, or green bananas
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