Abstract
Phomopsis seed decay (PSD) of soybean is caused primarily by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs along with other Phomopsis and Diaporthe spp. This disease causes poor seed quality and suppresses yield in most soybean-growing countries. Infected soybean seeds can be symptomless, but are typically shriveled, elongated, cracked, and have a chalky white appearance. Development of PSD is sensitive to environmental conditions. Hot and humid environments favor pathogen growth and disease development. Several control strategies have been used to manage PSD and reduce its impact; however, the use of resistant cultivars is the most effective method for controlling PSD. Efforts have been made to identify sources of PSD resistance in the past decades. At least 28 soybean lines were reported to have certain levels of PSD resistance in certain locations. Inheritance of resistance to PSD has been studied in several soybean lines. In this paper, general information about the disease, the causal agent, an overview of research on evaluation and identification of sources of resistance to PSD, and inheritance of resistance to PSD are presented and discussed.
Highlights
Phomopsis seed decay (PSD) of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, is caused primarily by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs et al [1] along with other Phomopsis and Diaporthe spp
This study provided important information that is very useful for selecting isolates for screening in breeding broad-based resistance in soybean lines to PSD
plant introductions (PIs) 458130 was resistant to PSD, with no seed infection from the naturally infected trials in 2006 and 2007, and less than 3% Phomopsis seed infection in the 2008 and 2009 inoculated trails [31]
Summary
Phomopsis seed decay (PSD) of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, is caused primarily by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs et al [1] along with other Phomopsis and Diaporthe spp. This disease causes poor seed quality and suppresses yield in most soybean-growing countries, especially in the mid-southern region of the United States [2, 3]. In 2009, due to the prevalence of hot and humid environments from pod fill to harvest in the southern United States, PSD caused over 0.33 MMT loss in 16 states [16]. The research on PSD including pathogen characterization, germplasm screening, and genetic resistance in the USA were summarized and presented at the World Soybean Research Conference VII in 2009 [21]
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