Abstract
The Internet of Things paradigm enables a new set of smart end-user applications. The Cloud-Fog-Mist-Internet of Things infrastructure provides communication, compute, and storage support for these applications. However, this complex, heterogeneous, and distributed landscape requires orchestration and management mechanisms in order to guarantee their proper functioning. One particular factor to manage is the capacity to provide service resilience even in the presence of failures in components of the substrate infrastructure. This research proposes a set of mechanisms to formalize, orchestrate, and embed a batch of service requests for chained Virtual Functions to fulfill the specific requirements of applications while enhancing their availability and ultimately their resilience. In detail, this work introduces a formal grammar to describe customized Service Chains, allowing the definition of replicas for different Virtual Functions, and an Integer Linear Programming model for Virtual Function embedding that prioritizes the use of nodes with higher availability. Additionally, an alternative heuristic is presented to handle more complex scenarios by taking advantage of the multi-tier scenario comprising the Cloud-Fog-Mist-Internet of Things. Simulation results for the embedding mechanisms show that it is possible to increase the resilience of chained Virtual Functions, while balancing the load of the infrastructure nodes.
Highlights
The Cloud computing paradigm adoption by network operators and service providers has been massive, given its benefits in cost-savings, enhancement in work and management response, business agility, and Quality of Service (QoS) [1]
Unlike the proposals analyzed this work offers an embedding framework comprised by: 1) a method to formalize customized Service Chain requests, taking into consideration the communication between the comprising Virtual Functions; 2) a formal mechanism for Virtual Function embedding aimed at maximizing the availability; and 3) a heuristic for Virtual Function embedding to increase the resilience in more complex scenarios
The main requirement considered for the embedding method of the Virtual Functions (VFs) in the substrate network is the resilience of the Service Chains components (i.e., VFs) via the replication of all or part of them in disjoint physical nodes of the substrate infrastructure using an optimization approach
Summary
The Cloud computing paradigm adoption by network operators and service providers has been massive, given its benefits in cost-savings, enhancement in work and management response, business agility, and Quality of Service (QoS) [1]. The network softwarization [5] allows the design, development, test, management, and deployment of services and applications via Network Functions (NFs) using the available resources (i.e., hardware or software components) in the infrastructure to route the network flows through the right components [6] This approach could be extrapolated along all the tiers in the Cloud to IoT continuum in order to provide services and applications to end-users via a chain of Virtual Functions (VFs). The landscape, where the SCs are deployed, lies on an extremely diverse substrate infrastructure composed of information and communication devices (i.e., Cloud nodes, Fog nodes, Sensors, Actuators) and links (i.e., wired and wireless channels), which have to be orchestrated to host a plethora of services and applications with different performance as well as functional requirements In such a complex scenario, resilience becomes a key factor to orchestrate and guarantee the continuity of the services and applications even in the face of failures.
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