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Abstract
The objective of this study is to show the links and differences in the expressions of competitive anxiety in the face of the existence of resilient resources in young athletes, according to sporting (years of experience) and personal (gender) characteristics. To meet these aims, the participants answered the Resilience Scale (RS-14) and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R). The sample consisted of 241 adolescent handball and basketball players between 14 and 17 years old. Different analyses were performed, including a differential and multivariate descriptive, a correlation, and a multiple regression. The results showed that anxiety was negatively related to resilience in its acceptance dimension. It was shown that girls showed higher levels of somatic anxiety, while boys showed higher levels of acceptance. Statistically significant differences were found in the resources for acceptance in favor of boys, while there were significantly different indicators in somatic anxiety and self-confidence in favor of girls. The sports experience was positively related to resilience and negatively to anxiety. Although the existence of indicators of cognitive anxiety (e.g., recurrent thoughts or rhyming), coaches and athletes need to understand that they are also indicators of a necessary activation for psychological functioning. Channeling such a process through psychological training of different skills will enhance the capacities for self-confidence.
Highlights
The ability to obtain an optimal and stable psychological state during competition is of utmost importance to coaches and athletes [1,2,3]
Anxiety, which is considered a psychological response produced as a consequence of the differences between an athlete’s response capacity and the demands of the environment, accompanied by a high degree of psycho-physiological activation [8], shows functional conditions that facilitate adaptation and other dysfunctions that weaken or hinder behavior [9]
Among the different classifications that exist around this psychological response and the instruments used in research to measure it, we must highlight somatic anxiety
Summary
The ability to obtain an optimal and stable psychological state during competition is of utmost importance to coaches and athletes [1,2,3]. Social, cognitive, and emotional factors factor into such functioning, as these resources restore balance when a young athlete is in the face of adversity [4,5,6]. In this sense, the study of anxiety has been one of the most prolific lines of research, due to the emotional responses it provokes and that can affect athletes’ performance [7]. Public Health 2020, 17, 5569; doi:10.3390/ijerph17155569 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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