Abstract
Resilience in a critical infrastructure system can be viewed as a quality that reduces vulnerability, minimizes the consequences of threats, accelerates response and recovery, and facilitates adaptation to a disruptive event. In this context, comprehensive knowledge of the environment and of the main factors whereby resilience is determined, limited, and affected can be said to represent the fundamental precondition for strengthening the resilience of critical infrastructure elements. Based on this idea, the article defines the initial and functional conditions for building and strengthening the resilience of critical infrastructure elements, i.e., the resilience concept in a critical infrastructure system. Subsequently, factors determining the resilience of these elements are identified, both in terms of technical resilience (i.e., robustness and recoverability) and organizational resilience (i.e., adaptability). In the final part of the article, these factors are presented in greater detail in the context of case studies focused on the electricity, gas, information and communications technology, and road transport sectors. Determination of these factors is examined with regard to the intensity of a disruptive event and the performance of the respective critical infrastructure element.
Highlights
Critical infrastructure (CI) represents an intricate and complex system [1] designed to facilitate the permanent provision of services essential to the functioning of society
Education and development processes constitute the last group of processes, which form and strengthen the organizational resilience of critical infrastructure elements, thereby improving the ability of the organization to adapt these elements to the effects resulting from disruptive events
Critical infrastructure system resilience is defined as the ability to absorb, adapt to, and/or rapidly recover from a potentially disruptive event
Summary
Critical infrastructure (CI) represents an intricate and complex system [1] designed to facilitate the permanent provision of services essential to the functioning of society. The above-mentioned literary review has demonstrated that, the general concept of resilience as such is usually shared, notions as to the grouping of individual measurable items and their content vary widely with respect to both the subject being addressed (e.g., the theory of reliability, ecology, management, etc.) and the depth to which the research into the CI (Critical Infrastructure) systems goes (i.e., sectors, subsectors, elements, components). These discrepancies should be reconciled for the sake of evaluation. Basics required for evaluating the resilience of critical infrastructure elements
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