RESIDUES FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATION: COMPOSITION, GROUNDWATER POLLUTANT LEACHING, TREATMENT TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Abstract

Incineration is a common method for treating municipal solid waste, which reduces its mass by 70% and volume by up to 90%. However, most of the non-combustible components are subsequently concentrated in a relatively small amount of incineration residues – bottom ash and fly ash – which must be further processed and / or landfilled. The article describes the formation and composition of incineration residues, issues of recycling and environmental regulation, leaching of pollutants and the problems of its testing, methods of treating incineration residues to reduce environmental impact.