Abstract
Salmon populations in the Columbia River Basin have declined, and several species are now protected under the Endangered Species Act. Many factors have contributed to the decline, including overharvest, loss of habitat, degradation of water quality, and construction of dams. Many measures have been implemented to reduce the impact of the dams, but additional measures are being considered. Lowering water-surface elevations behind four lower Snake River dams has been proposed as a measure to improve juvenile salmonid survival. The Corps of Engineers has determined preliminary costs, schedules, and required modifications for several drawdown alternatives. Initial estimates of the ability of this type of operation to improve salmonid survival are controversial.
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