Resective epilepsy surgery in patients aged 50 years and older – a retrospective study regarding seizure outcome, memory performance, and psychopathology

Abstract

PurposeTo assess clinical and demographic characteristics in two cohorts of elderly patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, undergoing resective epilepsy surgery (RES). Further, to determine seizure, neuropsychological, and mental health outcomes after RES and evaluate possible influencing factors. MethodsConsecutive patients aged ≥50 years with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) who underwent curative RES in the Hamburg epilepsy surgery program (2004–2017) were identified. Data were retrospectively analyzed. Seizure outcome was classified according to ILAE and Engel outcome scales in patients with first-time surgeries and with reoperations. Previously reported predictors of the seizure outcome were evaluated using regression analyses. Changes in verbal memory were assessed for patients with complete pre- and postoperative datasets (n=30) using repeated-measures analysis of variance. For evaluation of possible predictors of psychopathologic changes after RES a regression analysis was conducted. ResultsFifty-one elderly patients underwent RES of the temporal lobe, including twelve aged ≥60 years, and five with reoperations. After one year, 65% of the patients with first-time surgeries were seizure free and 91% had a favorable outcome. At last follow-up, 49% were seizure free since surgery. Three reoperated patients had an Engel I outcome. Seizure outcome was not dependent on age at surgery, duration of epilepsy, or other evaluated variables. There was no significant decline in the memory performance after surgery. Significant improvements in mental health were found. ConclusionRES for drug-resistant TLE is safe, effective, and improves mental health also in patients aged ≥ 50 years. Thus, it should be evaluated as the treatment of choice also in this age group.