Research progress on modification and application of two-dimensional anode materials for sodium ion batteries

Abstract

Energy storage in rocking-chair batteries is critically dependent on the ability of the electrodes to accommodate the intercalation and migration of ions. Due to the high content of sodium in the earth ‘s crust, sodium ion batteries are used as a future alternative product for lithium-ion batteries, but commercial graphite cannot meet the deintercalation of sodium ions and is not suitable for application in sodium ion batteries. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are highly valued in the field of energy storage due to their excellent physicochemical properties, such as unique layered structure and low ion diffusion barrier. This paper mainly reviews the application of 2D materials in sodium-ion batteries anodes in recent years. The modification treatment of 2D materials can break through its own limitations in the field of energy storage. The construction of heterostructures and doping engineering can not only alleviate the stacking problem common to 2D materials, but also increase the ion transport sites. Implementing defect chemistry can enhance the adsorption of sodium ions in 2D materials, thereby enhancing the storage capacity of sodium ions. In addition, driving phase transitions in TMDs can enhance electrode cycling efficiency. The presence of grain boundaries, as an important topology of 2D materials, contributes significantly to the adsorption of sodium ions. The article concludes with a summary of the applications of 2D materials in sodium-ion batteries anodes in recent years and an outlook for future development. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the electrochemical behavior of 2D anode materials in sodium-ion batteries and to provide new ideas for future applications in related fields.