Abstract
<p indent="0mm">Spinal cord repair and regeneration in adult mammalians is a complicated and unresolved challenge after spinal cord injury (SCI). The incidence of SCI is increasing worldwide with the growing global economy. Motor and sensory functions can be permanently impaired after SCI, bringing huge economic pressure and psychological burden to paraplegic patients and their families. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover effective strategies for the treatment of SCI. In recent years, the exogenous or endogenous neuronal relay therapy has provided new perspectives for local neural circuit reconstruction after SCI. The application of grafts such as stem cells or biomaterials to the lesion area can improve the local microenvironment and induce neural stem cells to differentiate into neurons, which has become a promising method to promote neural circuit reconstruction and functional recovery. This review focuses on the application of cell transplantation therapy, engineering strategies and gene regulation in repairing the neural network after SCI, it also discusses whether newborn neurons can have potential functional integration to rebuild neural circuits and restore motor and sensory functions after SCI.
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