Abstract

肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)占所有肺癌患者中的80%-85%,大多数肺癌患者在确诊时已处于晚期阶段。目前,基于驱动基因的靶向治疗的发展改变了晚期NSCLC患者的治疗模式。在NSCLC中,表皮生长因子受体突变(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)和棘皮动物微管相关蛋白和间变性淋巴瘤激酶(echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase, EML4-ALK)融合已被验证为强大的生物标志物。众所周知KRAS也是NSCLC中最常见的突变致癌基因之一,尽管20多年前在NSCLC中发现了KRAS突变,迄今为止用于治疗KRAS突变的NSCLC患者的药物有很多,但目前还没有针对直接消除KRAS活性的选择性和特异性抑制剂。此外具有KRAS突变的NSCLC患者对大多数系统性治疗的反应性差。然而使用靶向药物针对活化的信号通路个体化治疗对KRAS突变的NSCLC患者的预后有很好疗效。此外KRAS突变在NSCLC中的预后和预测作用尚不清楚。在这篇综述中,我们重点讨论了KRAS突变的NSCLC的研究进展,包括分子生物学、临床病理特征、KRAS突变的预后和预测等方面,进而有助于提高临床工作者对KRAS突变的NSCLC的认知。。

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