Abstract
背景与目的分子生物学靶向治疗已逐渐成为非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的一个重要治疗手段,本研究通过分析山东地区NSCLC多种驱动基因表达情况及临床病理特征,为筛选分子靶向治疗目标人群提供理论依据。方法采用荧光探针PCR法检测表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)、棘皮动物微管相关蛋白4-间变性淋巴瘤激酶(echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase, EML4-ALK)、肉瘤致癌因子-受体酪氨酸激酶(ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase, ROS1)、鼠类肉瘤病毒癌基因(Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncgene, KRAS)基因表达情况,回顾性分析阳性病例的临床病理特征。结果EGFR基因突变阳性率为36.70%,主要为19、21外显子突变,突变人群主要为女性、腺癌、不吸烟患者,组间差异有统计学意义。EML4-ALK融合基因重排阳性率为9.37%。人群特征主要为60岁以下不吸烟人群,组间差异有统计学意义,基因突变与病理类型和性别间无明显差异。ROS1融合基因重排阳性率为3.67%,均为60岁以下患者,组间差异有统计学意义。23份病例标本开展KRAS基因检测,阳性标本数2例,阳性率为8.70%。2份阳性标本均为60岁以上病例,男女各占1例,病理类型均为腺癌,均无吸烟史。此外,未发现有两种基因同时突变的病例。结论EGFR、EML4-ALK、ROS1、KARS基因在NSCLC患者中存在较高的突变率,且具有不同的人群特征,在选择靶向治疗人群中具有重要意义。
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