Abstract
This review article summaries the method to improve mechanical properties of nitramine composite solid propellants. It concludes that the use of bonding agents is an economical, effective and convenient way to enhance the mechanical properties of propellants. The bonding mechanism and characteristics of bonding agents are analyzed. The review article presents the overview on the types and development of bonding agents for nitramine composite solid propellants. It is considered that the multi-functionalization of polymer bonding agents is a development direction of bonding agents. According to the surface characteristics of nitramine fillers and the structure characteristics of different binders, a universal bonding agent suitable for different binder-nitramine systems should be prepared through molecular design. Some suggestions are put forward for the design of universal bonding agents.
Highlights
Solid propellants are composite materials which consist of solid fillers and polymer binders [1,2,3]
The molecular structure of the bonding agents is characterized by the groups (-Ti (OR)3, etxc.) that can interact with the solid fillers, and the groups (-NH2, -SH etc.) that can react with binders
Oberth and co-workers [8] reported that the bonding agents of propellants must have the following three functions: 1, It can be gathered on the surface of solid fillers; 2, It can react with curing agent and form tough film on the surface of solid fillers; 3, It can react with binders and bring the solid fillers into the network
Summary
Solid propellants are composite materials which consist of solid fillers (such as oxidant and metallic fuel) and polymer binders [1,2,3]. The energy level of solid propellants can be improved significantly by using energetic materials such as energetic binders, energetic plasticizers and energetic additives. It is difficult to form a bonding effect between the binders and the solid fillers, which leads to the “dehumidification” of the propellant at a low level of stress and strain, and this will significantly reduce the mechanical properties of the propellants. There are three methods for improving the mechanical properties of nitramine composite solid propellants [7]: 1, coating the nitramine; 2, preparing the eutectic with nitramine and ammonium perchlorate; 3, using bonding agents. Xuan Liu et al.: Research Progress of Bonding Agents for Nitramine Composite Solid Propellants bonding agents) can improve the mechanical properties of propellants effectively. We hope that this review article can provide ideas for improving the mechanical properties of nitramine solid propellants
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