Abstract
There are criss-cross Ravines and gullies in the Loess Plateau, where the erosion gullies grows better. The loess material, which is loose and has the vertical jointing, is easy to suffer from the erosion; the types of erosion in this area mainly include gravitational erosion and the trench erosion. There are typical gulling erosion in Luoyugou watershed of Tianshui northern suburb, located in the interactive region of Longxi Loess plateau hill-gully area and the Longnan mountainous area. Under the support of the SPOT satellite photos in 2008 and field survey, the paper establishes the visual interpretation features of erosion gully, extracting the information of erosion gully, and uses the landscape pattern analytical method, studying the spatial distribution pattern of the erosion gully in the watershed. Finally, the paper draws the following conclusions: 1) The shapes of erosion gullies are strip or arborization, and in the black-white image, the stable erosion gullies appear deep dark color, active erosion gullies present the bright color, and half-active erosion gullies are the shallow dark color; while in color synthesis image, the color of stable erosion gullies mixes garnet, and other erosion gullies are bright green. 2) There are more erosion gullies in the study area where human activities occur frequently, such as the both sides of terraced field, the side of road and the river marshland, the both sides of terraced field have. 3) The erosion gullies in the study watershed are primarily stable ones, whose area accounts for 51.3% of the total erosion gullies, and half-active ones accounts for 18.3%. This phenomenon indicates the progress in the control of the erosion gullies in this basin. 4) From the upstream to the downstream in the research basin, the erosion gully's average shape index has the tendency to reduce gradually, illustrating that the more getting nearly to the downstream, the more the slope of erosion gully to be gentler. The data results match well with the actual terrain feature.
Highlights
The impact of soil erosion is a serious global environmental problem (Williams et al, 1983; Renard, 1996; Castillo et al, 2016)
We can see from the perimeter /area ratio the stable erosion gully is mainly, accounted for 51.3% of the total area, non-active erosion gully accounted for 18.3%, indicating that the basin Management has been progress for erosion gully
Based on the SPOT remote sensing image manual interpretation, multi-indexes of erosion gully were obtained, spatial distribution of erosion gully features were analyzed, the quantity of channel erosion was simulated by geometric simulation, and the conclusions were following: (1) Erosion gully SPOT remote sensing image center interpretive signs
Summary
The impact of soil erosion is a serious global environmental problem (Williams et al, 1983; Renard, 1996; Castillo et al, 2016). In order to reduce the harmful effects of soil and water loss, over the past 50 years, especially since the past 20 years, China has paid great importance to soil erosion in the Loess Plateau (Wu et al, 2002), and put a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, through governing typical small basins, returning farmland to forests and grasslands, vegetation construction, ecological restoration and other environmental policies and measures to reduce and control soil erosion These measures have achieved some success, but to do a good job of prevention and mitigating of land degradation, we still need to make a great effort. A comprehensive understanding of the distribution situation of erosion gully and its spatial distribution pattern has great significance to the study of the succession of landforms types in the region and soil erosion control (Simon et al, 2018)
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