Research on the thermal hazard characteristics of 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate and risk assessment

Abstract

The application of ionic liquids is prevalent in various industries, including pharmaceutical, chemical, and aerospace, especially in environments with high temperatures. Thus, the importance of researching the characteristics and mechanism of the pyrolysis hazard of ionic liquids cannot be overemphasized. This research presents a systematic study of a new versatile ionic liquid, 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([Pmim][NO3]). The flash-ignition temperature, thermal decomposition and thermal runaway characteristics of [Pmim][NO3] were analyzed using various techniques, including thermogravimetric analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry, flash-ignition temperature tester, and accelerating rate calorimeter, for determining its major hazard characteristics. The main thermodynamic and safety parameters, as well as the reaction pattern of the pyrolysis process, were obtained. Additionally, an assessment was conducted to determine the potential occurrence and seriousness of a runaway reaction of [Pmim][NO3] decompose. The present study is of significant importance in improving the intrinsic safety level of ionic liquids in the processes of synthesis, utilization, storage, and transportation.