Research on the structural features and influence mechanism of the green ICT transnational cooperation network

Abstract

Green information and communication technology (ICT) innovations are key to achieving global climate goals. Cross-border technological cooperation has become a strategic choice for countries to achieve technological breakthroughs. Based on 49,731 patents, this study uses social network analysis method (SNA) and quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) to discuss the structural features and influence mechanisms of the worldwide green ICT cooperation network from 2000 to 2019. The results indicate the following: (1) The scale of the global green ICT cooperation network is still small, but the links among countries are getting closer and closer; (2) The USA is the “heart” of the network, and it has a sharp core–periphery structure; India, China, Germany, and the UK play sub-center roles in Asia and Europe, respectively; (3) Green ICT’s cooperative innovation mode is dominated by core countries; (4) Technological proximity, social proximity, ICT development level, climate change, and technological innovation capability are the key driving elements for the growth of the green ICT patent cooperation network; however, the role of institutional distance becomes insignificant over time; and (5) The influence mechanism of the network has the characteristics of heterogeneity in different climate change environments and ICT development levels. Countries should participate in green ICT cooperation with a more open attitude and promote the green transformation of the traditional ICT industry.