Abstract
To coordinate the protection of PMSG (permanent magnet synchronous generator), collector circuits and outgoing lines, a comprehensive and improved protection method of PMSG based wind farms with LVRT (low voltage ride through) capability is proposed. The proposed method includes adding a short time delay to the collector network current protection zone I and a directional protective relaying to the collector network protection, installing grounding transformers and zero sequence current protection, and generator low-voltage protection action improvement. A LVRT scheme consisting of variable resistance dumping circuit, grid side dynamic reactive power control and reactive power compensation control is proposed. The fault characteristics of PMSG based wind farms are analyzed, and a PMSG based wind farm in Dabancheng, Xinjiang, is used as an example to analyze typical wind farm protection configuration, the setting values considering LVRT requirements, and the coordination problems. Finally, an improved wind farm protection coordination methodology is proposed and its validity is verified by simulation.
Highlights
As a clean and renewable energy, wind power is developing rapidly in China
2.1 Research status of wind farm fault characteristics Existing researches have mainly focused on the criterion of fault current with little emphasis on fault characteristics of wind turbines with LVRT capability
3.3 Fault ride through characteristics of wind turbines with LVRT capability The wind farm considered consists of four 1.5 MW PMSGs and the reactive power compensation capacity is Dynamic reactive power control for grid side
Summary
As a clean and renewable energy, wind power is developing rapidly in China. In 2015, the new wind power installed capacity has reached 30,753 MW, an increase of 32.6% compared to 2014, and the total installed capacity has reached 145,362 MW, ranked first in the world. GB19963(2011), including reducing input power of the wind turbine side converter by controlling the pitch angle or limiting wind turbine electric-magnetic power [8], eliminating the unbalanced power on the DC bus by installing power dumping circuit or energy storage devices [9], and enhancing grid-side converter output power by using var compensation devices, adding auxiliary converter, or adopting reactive power control strategy [10] Though those measures can improve the LVRT capacity the wind turbine and wind farm fault characteristics can be changed [11], which potentially lead to misoperation and malfunction of their protection [12,13,14].
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