Research on the Mechanical Properties, Fluoride and Monomer Release of a New Experimental Flowable Giomer in Comparison to Three Commercial Flowable Giomers

Mara Elena Rusnac,Diana Dudea,Doina Prodan,Marioara Moldovan,Miuţa Filip,Cristina Prejmerean,Stanca Cuc

doi:10.3390/app11198921

Mara Elena Rusnac, Diana Dudea + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app11198921

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Abstract

Giomers are hybrid dental materials with controlled fluoride release properties. The aim of this study was to characterise a new experimental flowable giomer (G) in comparison to three commercial flowable giomers: Beautifil flow Plus X F00 (B-F00), Beautifil flow F02 (B-F02) and Beautifil flow Plus X F03 (B-F03), Shofu, Kyoto, Japan. The studied properties are fluoride ion release, residual monomers release and mechanical properties. The data analysis was performed using the ANOVA test and Tukey test for post hoc comparisons between groups. During the first day of the fluoride releasing measurement, the following classification resulted: B-F02 ˃ B-F03 ˃ B-F00 ˃ G and at the end of the investigation period, at 60 days: B-F02 ˃ B-F03 ˃ G ˃ B-F00. The experimental giomer released a lower percentage of total residual monomers than the commercial giomers. The highest value for the mechanical properties was recorded for the commercial giomers. The experimental giomer registered the lowest values for mechanical properties but higher than the imposed standard limit. There were statistically significant differences between the analyzed materials, in terms of fluoride releasing, residual monomer releasing and mechanical properties.

Highlights

The necessity of restorative materials for different clinical situations was responsible for the development of new versions among which the flowable materials play an important role
During the first day of investigation, material Beautifil flow Plus X F00 (B-F00) releases a higher cumulated fluoride quantity when compared to the experimental giomer
The current study found that giomer B-F00 (67.3 filler wt%) has a flexural strength of 114.83 ± 15.45 MPa, even though the filler quantity is lower than that of a bulk fill giomer [10]

Summary

Introduction

The necessity of restorative materials for different clinical situations was responsible for the development of new versions among which the flowable materials play an important role. Giomers represent a new development in the hybrid material category and consist in a stable glass-ionomer faze, on a glass core resulted from an acid-base reaction between fluoridated glass and poly-carboxylic acid, in the presence of water (“Pre-Reacted Glassionomer filler” or PRG). This material is proven to have anti-plaque effect, reducing the adherence of harmful bacteria to the tooth structure, is adequate for the treatment of hypersensitivity and non-cytotoxic to human teeth [6]. Appling PRG-technology to the filler in resin based composite materials gives them bioactive properties through fluoride release and recharge, similar to traditional glass-ionomers, but maintaining in the same time physical and esthetical properties of the composites [7,8]

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