Research on the Impact of Implementing the Three Child Policy: Perspective from a Social and Economic

Abstract

Over the past decade, China has seen a decline in birth rate as well as an aging population. In May,2021, Chinese government has announced three-child policy to further restore the demographic structure following the failure of two-child policy. Using the latest data collected from China National Bureau of Statistics, Statista, World bank and Global data, this paper examines the effect of the three-child policy on the raising fertility rate and on female labor market. According to the quantitative analysis, it is found that the three-child policy has been almost ineffective on increasing birth rate to date, and it did not improve the intention for the young couples to have more children. Based on the data, the policy indeed reduced female employment and worsened gender discrimination in workplace, which widened the gender wage gap. Therefore, these studies also provide some theoretical and practical measures to safeguard female employment rights and ensure sustainable development. Approaches in this paper are presented for better understand the policy consequences and promoting them.