Abstract

To maximize the driving range of electric vehicles, battery imbalance is the primary factor that hinders the full utilization of battery pack capacity. This article is based on a four-switch reconfigurable topology, which can flexibly connect, bypass, and parallel any battery cell within the module, and can maintain low voltage fluctuations without the need for a DC-DC converter. Based on this topology, a hierarchical equilibrium strategy combining inter-module K-means clustering analysis and intra-module splitting and recombination is proposed. This strategy can achieve full cell balance, thereby ensuring the maximum capacity utilization of the battery pack. The topology structure composed of 8 batteries was validated, and the experimental results confirmed that the proposed hierarchical balancing strategy supported by the reconfigurable topology increased the capacity utilization of the battery pack by 15.93%, and the maximum fluctuation rate of the battery pack terminal voltage was 0.9%.

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