Abstract
Sensors, as the most common electronic devices in electromechanical systems, are often scattered in huge numbers in the environment to be monitored. When the power of the sensor comes from batteries, the long-term continuous power supply and the replacement of the battery under severe working conditions are the main problems. Compared with other energy sources, vibration energy is more universal and stable, so it is often harvested and utilized by specific devices. Most of the traditional vibration energy harvesting devices have the disadvantage that the natural frequency cannot be tuned, which will lead to significant decline of energy harvesting efficiency when the environmental frequency changes. Although some energy harvesting devices are with tunable nature frequency, the linearity is relatively poor when tuning. In order to solve the problems above, a structural model of an electromagnetic energy harvesting device using motion of a pendulum rod is constructed. Natural frequency characteristics and electromagnetic field finite element simulation analysis of the model are carried out. An experimental platform of the device and a corresponding electric energy storage circuit are designed and built. Simulation and experimental results show that the natural frequency of the device can be tuned linearly in the range of 7 Hz–13.5 Hz. The maximum induced electromotive force that the device can output is 1.37 V and the maximum power is 521 mW. When the device is connected to the electric energy storage circuit, the device can output 3.4 V DC voltage. Compared with the traditional devices that can only harvest energy efficiently from a single vibration frequency, the advantage of this model is that its natural frequency can be adjusted to adapt to different ambient vibration frequencies and the linearity of tuning has been verified, which makes its energy harvesting efficiency relatively higher. The device model proposed in this paper would have potential application value in the field of vibration energy harvesting and wireless micro sensors power supply.
Published Version
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