Abstract
With the continuous development of smart distribution networks, their observable problems have become more serious. Research on the optimal placement of the distribution phasor measurement unit (D-PMU) is an important way to improve the measurability, observability and controllability of a smart distribution network. In this paper, the optimal D-PMU placement methods and implementation technology were studied to determine the optimal D-PMU placement scheme. Considering the bus vulnerability index and the different operating states of the system, the more practical one-time optimal placement methods to ensure complete system observability was proposed. On this basis, the system's measurement redundancy and unobservable depth were considered to realize the multistage optimal D-PMU placement. The corresponding mathematical model and solution flow were given. Then the implementation technology of the methods was studied and the optimal D-PMU placement assistant decision-making software for smart distribution network was developed. Thereby, the structure and requirements of different distribution networks can be satisfied. The application analysis, functional architecture and the overall design process were given. Finally, the methods and software were analyzed by using the IEEE 33 bus system and an actual project, the Guangzhou Nansha Yuan'an Substation. The verification results showed that the method and software mentioned in this paper can provide convenient and quick operation for optimal D-PMU placement, improve the efficiency of smart distribution network planning work, and promote the theoretical application level of smart distribution network planning results.
Highlights
With the development of power electronics technology and the continuous growth of power loads, the scale of distribution networks is increasing and their structures are becoming more complex [1].The large-scale access of distributed generation (DG) and the rapid increase of flexible loads such as electric vehicles have transformed the traditional distribution network into a smart distribution network with complex electrical quantities, insufficient single measurement information, and inaccurate measurement, making its considerable problems are more serious [2]
The verification results showed that the method and software mentioned in this paper can provide convenient and quick operation for optimal distribution phasor measurement unit (D-phasor measurement units (PMUs)) placement, improve the efficiency of smart distribution network planning work, and promote the theoretical application level of smart distribution network planning results
There is much mature software which is used in the planning and design field of power systems in China. Most of these planning assistant decision-making software programs are aimed at the planning problem of urban power grids [33,34,35], and the corresponding planning assistant decision-making software has not been used to optimize the placement of D-PMUs
Summary
With the development of power electronics technology and the continuous growth of power loads, the scale of distribution networks is increasing and their structures are becoming more complex [1]. Most of these planning assistant decision-making software programs are aimed at the planning problem of urban power grids [33,34,35], and the corresponding planning assistant decision-making software has not been used to optimize the placement of D-PMUs. In this paper, the optimal D-PMU placement method and the implementation technology of software in smart distribution network are studied, and a basic mathematical model and solution method of a one-time and multistage optimal placement algorithm are proposed. This paper uses entropy method, analytic hierarchy process, TOPSIS and grey correlation degree algorithm to calculate the comprehensive vulnerability index of different buses in the smart distribution network as the bus weight in the optimal D-PMU placement model On this basis, the zero injection bus information, the system’s observability and operating status are considered to realize one-time optimal D-PMU placement. The one-time and multistage D-PMU placement schemes with different placement requirements can be generated and the effect is demonstrated, providing a more convenient and practical operating platform for optimal D-PMU placement
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