Abstract
The technology of thermal processing of low-grade fuel into gaseous fuel is an essential problem whose solution will create clean energy as an alternative to natural gas and coal gasification. It also can solve the problems of the ecological utilization of industrial and household waste as well as of obtaining cheap energy and improving industrial effects for the environment. The analysis of the theoretical provisions and experimental tests has proved the possibility of processing wood during its gasification in a gas generator with a continuous layer; it is processed into gaseous fuel with the lower calorific value being 1.5 times higher in comparison with the calorific value of the gaseous fuel that is produced by other known gas generators of this type. The experimental results have specified the regression dependence of heat that is produced by burning the synthesis gas during the gasification of low-grade fuel on the fractional composition of the fuel, the amount of air, and the fuel layer height. The resulting regression equations can be the basis for implementing the studied process and its rational management. The equations of the input factors’ dependence on the original setting make it possible to determine every possible parameter of assessing the process under study at any value of the factors between the upper and lower levels. The tests have revealed the rational values of the input parameters for operating a gas generator with a continuous layer at which the lower heating value of burning the syngas reaches its maximum.
Highlights
There are many ways of processing low-grade fuels into energy, but one of the most promising is gasification. This is due to the fact that the synthesis gas, or syngas, that is produced during the gasification of fuels can be used as fuel for utility boilers or as a liquefier and fuel for the internal combustion engine to obtain mechanical or electric energy
It is shown that wood gasification technology has achieved significant development at both laboratory and pilot levels [4, 6,7,8]; a number of demonstration and commercial plants operate, the efficiency of wood gasification in a continuous layer to obtain high-energy synthesis gas remains an urgent problem
The study has developed a high-end gas generator with a continuous layer, which differs from the known designs of gas generators
Summary
In the world, there is a tendency to decentralize power engineering, i. e. the use of cogeneration plants for heat and electricity. There are many ways of processing low-grade fuels into energy, but one of the most promising is gasification This is due to the fact that the synthesis gas, or syngas, that is produced during the gasification of fuels can be used as fuel for utility boilers or as a liquefier and fuel for the internal combustion engine to obtain mechanical or electric energy. It is shown that wood gasification technology has achieved significant development at both laboratory and pilot levels [4, 6,7,8]; a number of demonstration and commercial plants operate, the efficiency of wood gasification in a continuous layer to obtain high-energy synthesis gas remains an urgent problem. The advantages of continuous layer gasifiers are the following: a high degree of hydrocarbon conversion, a small amount of ash, a long duration of solid fuel staying in the reactor, and a rather simple design of the gasifier
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