Abstract
Industrial hydraulic turbines, a kind of small-scaled turbine in a more compact and flexible application, are frequently used in hydrogen cracking, synthesis ammonia, and circulating water field. Besides the energy recovery efficiency, the working stability at variable speed situations is a critical issue, since its rotation speed changes with the flow parameters of the upstream. In this paper, a conventional turbine was numerically investigated under three different rotation speeds and its best efficiency points (BEPs). The velocity profiles, blade load, pressure fluctuation, and vibration features were discussed to form a comprehensive evaluation of turbine stability. The numerical results were validated through turbine external characteristic and vibration tests. The results indicate that the pressure pulsation and vibrations increase when it deviates from the rated rotation speed, but the relatively low flowrate point behaves better than the large point in the aspect of turbine stability; the main reasons are the angle of incidence and rotor circumferential vortex. The conclusions can provide significant reference for turbine hydraulic optimization and engineering application.
Highlights
Industrial hydraulic turbines can be an effective solution for fluid transportation processes and small-scaled hydropower for fluid energy recovery due to the advantages of low cost, easy maintenance, and satisfying efficiency
After the absorption liquid is pressurized by a water pump at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, it is sprayed at the top of the tower to remove pollutants from the flue gas so as to complete the desulfurization and denitrification
The power consumption and heating demand are diverse in different seasons; especially in high latitude regions of the northern hemisphere, the operation time in summer is long and the electricity demand is large, but the demand for electricity in winter is relatively reduced, even when there is a certain demand for heating
Summary
Industrial hydraulic turbines can be an effective solution for fluid transportation processes and small-scaled hydropower for fluid energy recovery due to the advantages of low cost, easy maintenance, and satisfying efficiency. The reported papers indicate that the working status and detail behaviors of a certain turbine system strongly rely on the feeding capacity, head, and the load device [6,7] For this aim, it is necessary to investigate the internal flow differences, especially the hydraulic stability, of different BEPs at various rotation speeds. The noted research covers the general aspects of performance and flow features of hydraulic turbine at rated point, but the internal flow structure and hydraulic stability at various speed, especially different BEPs, have not been reported [13,17,18,19,20,21] For this aim, this paper attempts Processes 2021, 9, x FOR PEER REtVoIEqWuantify the flow characteristics of various rotation and reveal the further flo3wofs1t9ability considering the comprehensive flow and induced pulsation to support the engineering application.
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