Abstract
The uneven stacking of waste rock materials caused by the dynamic instability of rock spreaders cannot be ignored for geological subsidence and local collapse in reclamation areas. Based on the dynamic stability of the existing rock spreader, combined with the actual application conditions, the load conditions of the rock spreader are analyzed. The static and dynamic analysis and optimization of the key structures such as the receiving arm, the discharging arm, and the main tower are carried out by using the topology optimization method. The optimized virtual prototype of the whole machine is established to verify its rationality. The research results show that the total weight of key parts such as receiving boom, discharging boom, and the main tower is reduced by about 4.5% (4650 kg), the lower-order vibration frequencies below the fifth order of those parts are not within the resonance range, and the stability of the whole machine is greatly improved, which fundamentally solves the problem of uneven rock stacking caused by impact stability. And, the maximum stress and deflection of the whole machine under the worst working conditions meet the actual requirements. The research ideas and conclusions can provide solutions to prevent the subsidence or local collapse of reclamation areas caused by uneven stacking materials.
Highlights
A self-moving rock spreader is a kind of equipment that can orderly discharge the rock and other materials except mineral resources to the fixed dump in the process of open-pit mining, which provides the basic conditions for the reclamation of the mining area after mining [1, 2]. e development of open-pit mining toward high-speed, large capacity, and automation puts forward higher requirements for mining technology and higher requirements for operating machinery and equipment [3, 4]
Under the action of continuous rainfall, weathering, and human disturbance, the phenomenon of uneven settlement or local collapse often occurs in the reclamation area of waste rock and soil [9,10,11]
The problem of dynamic stability of rock spreaders is easy to be ignored. erefore, it is urgent to prevent the subsidence or local collapse of reclamation area caused by uneven stacking materials due to the instability of the rock exhauster structure
Summary
A self-moving rock spreader is a kind of equipment that can orderly discharge the rock and other materials except mineral resources to the fixed dump in the process of open-pit mining, which provides the basic conditions for the reclamation of the mining area after mining [1, 2]. e development of open-pit mining toward high-speed, large capacity, and automation puts forward higher requirements for mining technology and higher requirements for operating machinery and equipment [3, 4]. Is leads to the short service life of the rotary bearing of the receiving boom and the counterweight boom and causes the failure of the hydraulic cylinder connecting the discharging boom from time to time [34] It will cause the uniform discharge of geotechnical materials by the rock spreader. It is aimed to explore a set of topology optimization design theories and methods suitable for the key main structural parts of a large rock spreader, so as to improve the dynamic stability of its main structural parts, and make the stress on the structural parts uniform and give full play to the mechanical efficiency of materials.
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