Research on constructing a safety assessment model for the “Environment-Psychology” space in urban villages based on CPTED theory

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop an “environment-psychological” safety assessment model for urban villages. The objective was to create a comprehensive safety evaluation and identify key influencing factors. To start, establish a spatial environmental safety assessment system for urban villages, drawing on the six principles of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) theory. Use Analytic Hierarchy Process and Bayesian network analysis for determining weights and scores. The research findings reveal that: 1) The safety of the spatial environment in urban villages is directly induced by factors such as “natural surveillance” and “image maintenance” while being indirectly impacted by factors like “territoriality” and “access control.” Notably, the effects of activity support and target hardening on spatial environmental safety are found to be insubstantial. 2) Z urban village in Xuzhou city has a level IV spatial environmental safety rating. Factors include line-of-sight transparency, environmental hygiene, and road layout. The proposed optimization measures include improving space layout, enhancing surveillance levels, and maintaining a favorable environment for crime prevention. This study aids decision-makers in establishing priority sequences for spatial planning during urban village renewal. The “Environment-Psychology” model enhances the explanatory power of environmental factors on psychological elements and can aid in spatial optimization strategies.