RESEARCH OF MODERN WATER MANAGEMENT LANDSCAPE AND TECHNICAL SYSTEMS

Abstract

Problem Statement and Purpose. Approaches, principles and methods of research of anthropogenic landscapes, in particular landscape-technical systems, are considered in detail in the works of many scientists. However, less attention is paid to the study of water management landscape technical systems. This necessitates more specific approaches, principles and methods that would allow to fully reveal the essence of these systems. Water management landscape-technical system is a complex system that combinesnatural, technical and information blocks that interact with each other. Therefore, researching these systems, in addition to traditional and specific, it is necessary to use at the integrated level the principles and methods of various natural sciences. Data & Methods. In the process of analysis and disclosure of approaches, principles and methods of research of water management landscape system, the following methods were used: structural and logical generalization (used to identify traditional methods in the study of the system), abstraction (selection of specific methods to reveal the essence of the system), system analysis (establishment of integration links between traditional and specific methods of scientific cognition), generalization (made it possible on the basis of the obtained data on methods of scientific cognition to develop a scheme for studying the water landscape system of the Trubizh river basin). Results. It is noted that the study of water management landscape technical system is impossible without the use of a systematic approach, which is traditional in all theoretical studies. Approaches that help to reveal the essence of the water management landscape and technical system (historical, basinal, system, paragenetic, constructive, cartographic and geoinformational) are identified and analyzed. The cartographic approach is singled out, which is one of the main ones in the study of water management landscape technical systems. There is a particular emphasis on the geoinformational approach, as the development of GIS projects is one of the most promising and modern trends in the study of not only water management landscape and technical systems, but also anthropogenic landscape science in general. The essence of specific principles and research methods is revealed, as they help to understand the peculiarities of the water management landscape and technical system. Three basic principles (historicism, natural anthropogenic compatibility and advanced study of previous natural and anthropogenic landscapes) were considered, on their basis seven methods of scientific research were identified and analyzed. The author emphasizes that, in addition to the main approaches, principles and methods, it is expedient to use methods from other sectoral sciences in the water management landscape and technical system study (geology, geomorphology, soil science, hydrology, zoology, botany etc.). A generalized study scheme of the water management landscape and technical system has been proposed, using the Trubizh River as an example.