Abstract
Transfer and diffusion of knowledge and technology is a key condition for the development of innovation. In practice, they take place at the interface between science and business, which makes the level of innovation and development of a given economy depend on the effectiveness and efficiency of universities and other scientific units co-creating the national innovation network. With this important circumstance in mind, this article presents an assessment of the operations of selected research institutes in Poland in 2014–2019 in the context of pro-efficiency statutory changes aimed at making the commercialization of research and development results more effective. The multiple case study used in the article includes five units operating in the field of environmental protection (two) and energy (three)—sectors relevant to the transformation of the national energy sector. The research analyzes the sources of funding of the institutes’ operations, their profitability and the financial effectiveness of their scientific and research staff. The results of the research indicate the adaptability of the surveyed institutes to the new rules of financing and the possibility of their wider than previously opening to business relations, as well as at least partial independence from budget financing. This is a valuable observation from the perspective of shaping innovation policy and the principles of operation of the national innovation system in developing economies.
Highlights
Innovations are the driving force of the economy
The changes to the rules of assessing the quality of scientific activity concerned all participants of the national innovation system in Poland and were aimed at achieving the following goals:
EN1 exceeds 270 people and EN 100 people. These results correspond to the poor result of the Polish economy in terms of innovation and reflect the partial ineffectiveness of the national innovation system
Summary
Innovations are the driving force of the economy. Socio-economic and civilization development, which determines the quality of life of the population and the attractiveness of the region and the country, depends on the scale of their implementation and the level of advancement [1,2,3]. Research on the economic and financial conditions for innovation in the context of national innovation networks is rare; the analyses carried out in this article fill the existing cognitive gap in this area They are a source of valuable information and recommendations for improving the functioning of institutions responsible for knowledge and technology transfer created at the state and/or local government level. The discussion is narrowed down to the definition of the role of institutional participants in the system of national innovation established by the state/local authorities, as well as the principles of their financing and the evaluation of their effectiveness and efficiency This context is a background to the analysis of the financial conditions for the functioning of research institutes in Poland as entities established to strengthen innovation and support knowledge and technology transfer between science and business. —due to the aforementioned inefficiencies of the public sector—it is necessary to monitor the results of the activities of these entities and prevent the waste of public funds
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