Abstract
Abstract. Nowadays, the oblique and multi-view, large-overlap aerial photography and airborne LiDAR are the main sources to build the 3D scene model. However, most of our archived aerial photos are acquired by non-oblique, normal photography. Because of low resolution, low overlay and poor model texture, there were less relative research and application. With the development of pixel-level matching technology, especially the application of Semi-Global Matching (SGM) and Multi-View Stereo (MVS) algorithm, the normal (non-oblique, non-large overlap) aerial photos could also be explored to restore the dense Digital Surface Model (DSM) and 3D scene model. In this paper, the method of the 3D scene modelling with the non-oblique aerial photos are summarized into 4 steps consisting of Data preprocessing, Ground Control Points (GCPs) collection and aerial triangulation (AT), DSM extraction and editing, 3D modelling and visualization. For the archived non-oblique aerial photos, including the aerial photographic films, digital frame photos and push-broom aerial data, the key steps of the 3D modelling method with these non-oblique aerial photos are discussed. Based on the experiments, the method can effectively explore the archived normal aerial data for large range restoration, 3D restoration, time series change detection and etc., providing new valuable spatio-temporal data for the urban historical research.
Highlights
Three dimensional (3D) scene model, as one kind of real-world 3D virtual display model, is normally generated with a panoramic view of surface object from multiple angles, and is usually composed of Digital Surface Model (DSM) in the form of Triangle Irregular Network (TIN) and the corresponding texture information (Chen and Feng et al, 2018)
Due to the fact that the three-dimensional real-world model truly represents the real world, with the 3D scene model, viewers can enlarge, shrink, move and view the miniature real-world model from multiple angles, which can be used for simulation, planning and analysis of the real world, such as construction of digital city, disaster analysis, road design and etc. (Xie and Lv, 2020; Guan and Wang et al, 2017; Du, 2020)
Most of the researches focus on the aerial triangulation, texture reconstruction of the 3D scene model with tilt photogrammetry, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) both airborne and ground based, as well as combining the two methods (Zhang, 2017; Li, 2016; Lu, 2019)
Summary
Three dimensional (3D) scene model, as one kind of real-world 3D virtual display model, is normally generated with a panoramic view of surface object from multiple angles, and is usually composed of Digital Surface Model (DSM) in the form of Triangle Irregular Network (TIN) and the corresponding texture information (Chen and Feng et al, 2018). The tilt and multiview, large-overlap aerial photography and airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) to obtain the 3D scene model is the research hotspot and development trend. Most of the researches focus on the aerial triangulation, texture reconstruction of the 3D scene model with tilt photogrammetry, LiDAR both airborne and ground based, as well as combining the two methods (Zhang, 2017; Li, 2016; Lu, 2019). As we know, most of our accumulated archived aerial data, the main objective data sources for restoring historical scenes, are acquired by normal (non-oblique, non-large overlap) photogrammetry with low resolution, low-overlay and poor model texture. With three kind traditional archived non-oblique aerial photos, including the aerial photographic films, digital frame photos and push-broom aerial data, the key steps of the 3D scene modelling method with these non-oblique aerial photos are discussed
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