Abstract

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been one of the most successful deep learning architectures in recent years, providing a powerful way to model high-dimensional data such as images, audio, and text data. GANs use two neural networks, generator and discriminator, to generate samples that resemble real data. The generator tries to create realistic looking samples while the discriminator tries to differentiate the generated samples from real ones. Through this adversarial training process, the generator learns to produce high-quality samples indistinguishable from the real ones.Different optimization algorithms have been utilized in GAN research, including different types of loss functions and regularization techniques, to improve the performance of GANs. Some of the most significant recent developments in GANs include M-DCGAN, which stands for multi-scale deep convolutional generative adversarial network, designed for image dataset augmentation; StackGAN, which is a text-to-image generation technique designed to produce high-resolution images with fine details and BigGAN, a scaled-up version of GAN that has shown improved performance in generating high-fidelity images.Moreover, the potential applications of GANs are vast and cross-disciplinary. They have been applied in various fields such as image and video synthesis, data augmentation, image translation, and style transfer. GANs also show promise in extending their use to healthcare, finance, and creative art fields. Despite their significant advancements and promising applications, GANs face several challenges such as mode collapse, vanishing gradients, and instability, which need to be addressed to achieve better performance and broader applicability.In conclusion, this review gives insights into the current state-of-the-art in GAN research, discussing its core ideas, structure, optimization techniques, applications, and challenges faced. This knowledge aims to help researchers and practitioners alike to understand the current GAN models' strengths and weaknesses and guide future GAN developments. As GANs continue to evolve, they have the potential to transform the way we understand and generate complex datasets across various fields.

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