Abstract
The Internet of Things that links the cyber and physical worlds brings revolutionary changes to society, however, its security and efficiency problems have not been solved. The Consortium Blockchain + IoT is considered to be an effective solution. The IoT blockchain network’s demand for transaction processing speed is gradually increasing. The throughput problem of the blockchain needs to be solved urgently and the security problem of transaction processing that comes with it. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a reputation-driven dynamic node security sharding consensus model (RDSCM) in the blockchain, which consists of two parts: a reputation-driven node to eliminate PBFT (RE-PBFT) and a reputation-driven node cross reconfiguration sharding scheme (NCRS). The RE-PBFT eliminates abnormal nodes in the consensus network and reduces the probability of abnormal nodes becoming master nodes. NCRS improves the blockchain throughput while ensuring sharding reliability. Finally, the experiment proves that RE-PBFT can identify abnormal nodes and remove them in a short time. NCRS can effectively guarantee the reliability of sharding, and the transaction processing efficiency has been greatly improved after sharding.
Highlights
The term “Internet of Things” [1] was first introduced in the ITU Internet Report 2005: Internet of Things, which was published by the ITU in 2005
We propose a reputation evaluation scheme for node behavior, and design reputation-driven dynamic node security sharding consensus model (RDSCM) based on this scheme; reputation-driven node to eliminate PBFT (RE-PBFT) is proposed, based on the evaluation scheme, including the primary node election scheme and abnormal node determination and elimination scheme, which reduces the abnormal nodes and reduces the possibility of an abnormal node becoming the main node; The necessary conditions that sharding should meet are proposed and proved
By analyzing the above three types of nodes in the consensus process, the following three behaviors can be behaviors of the above three types of nodes in the consensus process, the following three obtained: normal consensus behavior, dishonest behavior, and node failure. dishonesty behaviors can be obtained: normal consensus behavior, dishonest behavior, and node failis detrimental to the consensus network, which includes both the malicious behaviors ure. dishonesty is detrimental to the consensus network, which includes both the malidetermined by Byzantine nodes themselves and the malicious behaviors caused by attacks cious behaviors determined by Byzantine nodes themselves and the malicious behaviors on normal working nodes
Summary
The term “Internet of Things” [1] was first introduced in the ITU Internet Report 2005: Internet of Things, which was published by the ITU in 2005 It is essentially an intelligent network device capable of providing various industrial services [2]. PoA has a large delay and cannot meet the needs of the Internet of Things, while PoET mainly runs in Intel’s SGX security environment and cannot be used in the Internet of Things environment with a wide range of devices; the theory and performance of IBFT and PBFT are almost the same, so the more classical PBFT is generally used as the common consensus algorithm in the Internet of Things blockchain, and PBFT has some problems. The characteristic of PBFT is that it tolerates malicious nodes without corresponding measures, which may cause a distributed system to crash Solving these problems is the focus of this paper. Each consensus sharding produces a prepared block separately, which is processed by sorted sharding and linked to the blockchain
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