Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID) is highly contagious, and negligence of it causes high morbidity and mortality globally. The highly infectious viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was abbreviated as COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) by World Health Organization first time on February 11, 2020, and later on, WHO declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic on 11/3/2020. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that the SARS CoV-2 infects the overall population, irrespective of age, gender, or ethnic variation, but it was observed in clinical studies that older and compromised immunity population is much more prone to COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 majorly spread through aeration route in droplet form on sneezing and coughing, or by contact when touching eyes, nose or mouth with the infected hands or any other organs, resulting from mild to severe range of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This literature-based review was done by searching the relevant SCI and SCOPUS papers on the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, herbal formulation, and Ayurveda from the databases, Academia, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate. The present review attempts to recognize the therapeutic strategies to combat COVID-19 because of the current human risk. Indian system of medicine, including herbals, has immense potential in treating and managing various viral infections and provides evidence to utilize Ayurvedic medication to improve immunity. Cumulative research findings suggest that Ayurvedic formulations and herbal immunomodulators (Tino sporacordifolia, Withania somnifera, Crocus sativus, Zafran, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Albizia lebbek, Terminalia chebula, Piper longum, Mangifera indica, Ocimum sanctum, Centella asiatica ) are promising in the treatment of outrageous viral infections without exerting adverse effects. Considering the ancient wisdom of knowledge, the herbal formulations would compel healthcare policymakers to endorse Ayurveda formulations to control the COVID-19 pandemic significantly.
Highlights
Mounting research findings suggest that Covid-19 is primarily a respiratory syndrome chronically affecting whole-body organ; caused by a novel coronavirus know as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2], and have affected the quality of life and is a burden on the socio-economic system of the nation
The immune system can be categorized into two broad classes based on function, i.e., one is the innate immune system known as the non-specific immune system, and another one is an adaptive immune system that is commonly known as acquired/specific immune system 1,2
Researchers and scientists have recommended immune-enhancing herbs like Phyllanthus Emblica, Azadirachta indica, Tino sporacordifolia, Withania somnifera, Crocus sativus, Zafran, and Swertia chirata that would be helpful for the improvement of body defense mechanism to fight Covid-19 infection / to inhibit its replication inside the host cells . 18–21 Several herbal formulations have been reported in the Ayurveda history or ancient cargo-space for the hindrance and management of Covid-19
Summary
Mounting research findings suggest that Covid-19 is primarily a respiratory syndrome chronically affecting whole-body organ; caused by a novel coronavirus know as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2], and have affected the quality of life and is a burden on the socio-economic system of the nation. CoV-19 originated from Coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 [SARS-CoV- 2] and is associated with respiratory damages At this instant, the world health organization (WHO) has declared the Covid-19 pandemic and has realized it as a significant health issue in the world. Several studies have been designed to develop herbal medicine as alternative medicine, gaining global interest In this consideration, researchers and scientists have recommended immune-enhancing herbs like Phyllanthus Emblica, Azadirachta indica, Tino sporacordifolia, Withania somnifera, Crocus sativus, Zafran, and Swertia chirata that would be helpful for the improvement of body defense mechanism to fight Covid-19 infection / to inhibit its replication inside the host cells . We believe this review will provide details about plants based medicine, which adds up to boost the immune system, act as Immunomodulators, and their essential features that might express potent anti-viral activity
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