Abstract
Problem statement: Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5) is an orange-colored widely used in food products, drugs and cosmetics. This color has a potential toxicological risk. The current study evaluated the effect of sub-chronic consumption of tartrazine on the male reproductive system. Approach: Tartrazine was administered to adult male mice in drinking water at doses of 0, 0.1, 1 and 2.5% for 13 weeks. After that period, the weights of testes, epididymides and seminal vesicles were determined. Sperm counts in the testis and epididymides, motility, morphology and testis histology were assessed. Results: Body weight gain, absolute and relative testis, epididymis and seminal vesicles weights did not change. However, sperm count was decreased and sperm abnormalities were increased in the 2.5% tartrazine treated groups compared to the control. Sperm motility and histological changes in testis were observed in the middle and high treated groups. Conclusion/Recommendations: We concluded that excessive tartrazine consumption can have adverse effects on the male reproductive function. We suggested conducting surveys among the population to estimate their daily intake.
Highlights
Synthetic organic dyes were developed to provide a more economical and extensive array of colorants
The average (±SE) tartrazine intake calculated from liquid consumption, in mg kg−1 day−1, was (173.9±0.25), (1767.8±0.32), (5541.4±0.47) for 0.1, 1 and 2.5% tartrazine groups, respectively
Body and reproductive organ weights in male adult mice: Body weight gain was significantly increased in 1% tartrazine (p
Summary
Synthetic organic dyes were developed to provide a more economical and extensive array of colorants. Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No 5) is a monoazo pyrazolone dye, used mainly to color several foods such as soft drinks, juices, biscuits, ice creams, sauces, mustard, snacks, decoration and coatings, flavored processed cheese, drugs and cosmetics (shampoos, colognes, toothpastes, soaps). This food colorant is many used in cooking in developing countries as a substitute for saffron. A number of data describing tartrazine-related hyperactivity in children[8] and induced DNA damage in the colon of mice at doses close to the ADI[9] Prolonged use of this dye increases the number of gastric mucosa lymphocytes and eosinophils of Wistar rats[10]. The present report, it is to show that tartrazine affects the functions of the male reproductive system
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