Reproductive qualities of French selection of the White Large breed of sows and their evaluation according to some mathematical models

Abstract

Objective. To investigate the reproductive qualities of sows of the large white breed of French selection and to evaluate the indicated group of traits according to some mathematical models of selection indices. Methods. Zootechnical and statistical research methods were used to achieve the goal. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the breeding breeder for breeding pigs of the large white breed of the experimental farm of the Institute of Agriculture of the Northeast of the National Academy of Sciences. The assessment of sows of the large white breed of French breeding was carried out according to the indicators of reproductive qualities, taking into account the following quantitative characteristics: multifertility, goal, high fertility, kg; milk yield, kg; the number ofpiglets at the time of weaning, goal; nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days, kg; nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 60 days, kg; preservation, %. A comprehensive evaluation of sows for reproductive qualities was carried out using the selection index of reproductive qualities of the sow (SIRQS) (Tsereniuk O. M. et al., 2010) and the index of Shatalina Yu. D. (Vashchenko P. A., 2019). Biometric research results were processed according to generally accepted methods (Kovalenko V. P. et al., 2010). Results. Studies have shown that sows of experimental group I prevailed over sows of the same age in groups II and III in terms of multifertility by 15.67 and 34.32 %, milk yield - 23.29 and 34.94 %, number of piglets at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days - 13.91 and 33.30 %, by the weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days - 17.39 and 27.60 %, by the weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 60 days - 17.89 and 28.30 %. The difference between the animals of the I, II, and III experimental groups (intrabreed differentiation according to the index of Shatalina Yu. D.) in terms offertility, milk yield, the number ofpiglets at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days, the weight of the litter at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days and the weight of the litter at the time of weaning at the age of 60 days is highly reliable and is equal to 23.58 %. The maximum indicators of high fertility and survival ofpiglets at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days and the minimum values of the sow nest alignment (homogeneity) index based on the live weight of piglets at the time of their birth (IVH0) were established in sows of the III sub-experimental group of intrabreed differentiation according to SIRQS and the index of Shatalina Yu. D. Conclusions. Sows of the large white breed of French breeding are characterized by pretty high indicators of reproductive qualities, and in terms offertility and litter weight at the time of weaning at the age of 60 days, they belong to the 1st class and the elite class. The number of reliable pairwise correlation coefficients between the absolute indicators o f reproductive qualities of sows, SIRQS, the index of Shatalina Yu. D. and the index of evenness (homogeneity) of the sow's nest according to the live weight ofpiglets at the time of their birth (IVH0) is 100 %. This indicates a high level of efficiency of their use for evaluation and selection of highly productive animals in controlled populations. Keywords: sow, breed, reproductive qualities, index, variability, correlation.