Reproductive Biology and Ecology of the Green Mussel Perna viridis: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

Md Asaduzzaman,Md Abdul Wahab,Aysha Rahi Noor,Nayeema Ferdausy Hoque,Sumi Akter,Abrar Shakil,Md Moshiur Rahman

doi:10.3390/biology8040088

Md Asaduzzaman, Md Abdul Wahab + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/biology8040088

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Abstract

A multidisciplinary approach was applied to explore deeper knowledge about the reproductive biology and ecology of the green mussel (Perna viridis) by interlinking among ecological factors, ingested gut plankton, gonad fatty acid profile, and reproductive traits. Mussels were collected throughout the year from the coastal region of the Bay of Bengal of Bangladesh, and the histological analysis of 242 mussels revealed five stages of gametogenesis with an annual spawning season from January to April. The gonadosomatic index showed a strong correlation with the water quality parameters, ingested gut plankton groups, and gonadal fatty acids, and also displayed prominent effects of seasonality. In all datasets, we performed principal component analysis in which the first two principal components showed that seasonality explained >65% of the variability, and the multivariate spaces of seasonality corresponded to the gonad development. High salinity, nutrients, chlorophyll a, and plankton abundance in the water column were positively correlated with gonad development and the spawning of mussels. During the development stage, mussel ingested more plankton, particularly Bacillariophyceae and Pyrrophyceae, which were an important source of increased n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids content in gonads. Furthermore, gonads accumulated more lipids and saturated fatty acids during the mature and spawning stages, which were probably utilized during embryogenesis and early larval development as energy sources and constituents of the cell membrane. This research provides a model toward a better understanding of reproductive biological traits and how these traits are interrelated with the surrounding environmental variables of the green mussel, which would be helpful in marine aquaculture and the sustainable exploitation of the fishery resources.

Highlights

Asian green mussel (Perna viridis), an estuarine and intertidal bivalve species, is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical areas of the Indo-Pacific region [1]
The objective of this study is to provide comprehensive knowledge about the reproductive biology of P. viridis in a multidisciplinary way including biometrics, morphological, biochemical, and ecological approaches during the annual spawning season
The about how the was ecological factors, feeding behaviors, gonadal lipids, and fatty acid levels understanding are interrelated present study designed to apply a multidisciplinary approach to explore a deeper amonghow each the other to controlfactors, the reproductive cycle of green mussels, highlighting pertinent about ecological feeding behaviors, gonadal lipids, and fattya acid levelseffect are of seasonality

Summary

Introduction

Asian green mussel (Perna viridis), an estuarine and intertidal bivalve species, is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical areas of the Indo-Pacific region [1]. It is a large and fast-growing commercially important species, and has demonstrated prodigious culture feasibilities in many countries [2]. The government of Bangladesh has given high priority for the sustainable management of the wild population and the development of green mussel farming technology to create income opportunities among the impoverished fishers and farmers. An understanding of the reproductive biology of P. viridis is an indispensable aspect to develop sustainable farming technology and provide the plausible scientific advice for the management of this valuable resource

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