Representation of the Baroque Style in the Decor of the Crimean Architecture of the Art Nouveau Period

Abstract

The subject of the study is the characteristic of the Baroque style and the integration of its elements into the decor of the architecture of the Crimea of the Art Nouveau period. The object of the study is the architecture of the Crimea and its decor of the period of the late XIX – first third of the XX century. The research uses the methods of art criticism analysis of Baroque visual forms and their integration into modernity, the method of analysis of previous studies, the method of synthesis in conclusions regarding the connotations of Baroque symbolism. The author considers such aspects of the topic as: a general overview of the origin of the Baroque style; features of the architecture of the Crimean Art Nouveau; integration of Baroque elements into the decor of the Art Nouveau of the Crimea. The main conclusions of the study are: 1. The appearance of the Baroque style in architecture and decor is attributed by architectural historians to the XVII century. However, its origins should be sought in the Middle Ages, since many Baroque elements repeat Arabesques brought by the Crusaders to Europe. Baroque has established itself as a church and palace style. In turn, the Asia Minor (Turkish) Baroque was a synthesis of traditional Arab elements and Western European influence in the XVIII century. 2. The Art Nouveau style in architecture and its decor is a synthesis of various elements of previous styles, arbitrarily used by architects in accordance with their personal tastes, as well as with the wishes of customers. The basis of the Crimean Art Nouveau, represented in country villas, mansions, palaces, apartment buildings, is classicism, Renaissance and Mudekhar style, with the introduction of individual features into them with the help of decor. The use of Baroque elements enlivened the buildings, giving them an elegant, southern flavor. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is to clarify the periodization and origin of the Baroque style. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author for the first time analyzed the decor of the architecture of the Crimea of the modern period, identified and analyzed the elements of the Baroque, their origin and role in the style of modernity.